Both the CPM 3V and S35VN steels are known for their excellent toughness, but there are significant differences between them since one is a tool steel and the other is a stainless steel. Despite these differences, both types of steel offer many advantages when used in knives, including their toughness and ability to maintain a sharp edge. As you continue reading, we will delve into the details of these steels and their unique characteristics. So, let’s begin!
What is CPM 3V Steel?
CPM 3V is a tool steel that is renowned for its exceptional resistance to breaking or chipping, making it an excellent option for knives. The CPM in its name stands for “Crucible Particle Metallurgy.”
The process involves the distribution of carbides for evenness and durability. It is an intricate and expensive process, but it results in steel that is less prone to breaking or chipping. Crucible Industries produces this steel, and it is considered one of the best options for knife making.
What is S35Vn steel?
The S35VN/CPM S35VN is a stainless steel variety that has several advantages over the CPM 3V. This steel is also manufactured using the particle metallurgy process, which enhances its toughness and wear resistance.
Apart from being tough, S35VN steel is also known for its superior grindability, making it a popular choice for hunting and bushcraft knives. Overall, S35VN is a high-quality steel that offers both toughness and wear resistance.
Hardness Level
CPM 3V
The CPM 3V has a Rockwell hardness rating of 58 to 60 HRC, which is ideal for knife-making. With proper heat treatment, it can even achieve a rating of 64 HRC.
However, it’s important to note that excessively high hardness levels can sometimes result in low toughness, which is not desirable. Nonetheless, CPM 3V is harder than many other knife steels and maintains a good balance between hardness and toughness.
S35Vn
The CPM S35VN has a similar hardness level to that of the CPM 3V, with an HRC rating of 58 to 61 on the Rockwell Hardness Scale. With proper heat treatments, the hardness can go up to 64, making it an impressive steel in terms of its hardness levels.
Additionally, the steel also exhibits excellent toughness and resistance to breaking or chipping, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications.
Sharpness
Is CPM 3V hard to sharpen?
The CPM 3V is not only tough but also easy to sharpen. You can easily restore its razor-sharp edge by using appropriate sharpening tools.
In addition, frequent stropping can help maintain the sharpness for a longer period of time. Therefore, sharpening the 3V steel is a hassle-free process.
Is S35Vn hard to sharpen?
The S35VN steel is also known for its hardness and remarkable ease of sharpening. Thanks to its fine carbides and uniform structure, sharpening the steel is a breeze.
Many users have shared their positive experiences with sharpening S35VN steel, citing how it quickly regains its razor-sharp edge with the right sharpening tools.
Composition
CPM 3V
The CPM 3V is made up of several key components, including
- 0.80% carbon
- 7.50% chromium
- 2.75% vanadium
- 1.30% molybdenum
The carbon and chromium contents play a major role in giving the steel its characteristic hardness and toughness. The high amount of vanadium is responsible for creating small and hard carbide structures in the steel.
In addition to these functions, these components also contribute to the steel’s corrosion and wear resistance, as well as edge retention.
S35Vn
The composition of S35VN steel includes the following components:
- 1.4% Carbon
- 14% Chromium
- 3% Vanadium
- 2% Molybdenum
- 0.5% Niobium
Niobium is a unique addition to this steel, which helps promote toughness along with the carbon and chromium that make it harder and more corrosion-resistant.
Edge Retention
The addition of niobium to the s35vn steel composition makes it exceptionally wear-resistant, allowing it to maintain its sharp edge for an extended period. In CATRA testing, the s35vn exhibited 145% edge retention compared to the 440C steel.
It’s a well-rounded and reliable steel, according to a user’s opinion.
However, when it comes to edge retention, the CPM 3V steel falls short in comparison to the S35VN. The alloy composition of the CPM 3V makes it more vulnerable to wear and tear, resulting in poorer edge retention.
Corrosion Resistance
As previously mentioned, the CPM 3V is a tool steel and does not have high corrosion resistance. Despite proper care, it can oxidize quickly and show discoloration over time.
However, S35Vn is stainless steel and has excellent corrosion resistance. With its high chromium content, the s35vn maintains its quality and appearance for an extended period of time.
Pricing
Both CPM 3V and S35VN are tough steel options that offer high performance. However, the CPM 3V is generally slightly cheaper than the S35VN, although both are comparable in terms of their performance.
You can find knives made from S35VN steel in the range of $150 to $300, which is more expensive than regular stainless steel options. Similarly, knives made from CPM 3V steel are also available in the same price range, but the price can vary depending on the quality and amount of steel used in the knife.
Final Verdict
Based on the information provided, it does seem that the s35vn has some advantages over the CPM 3V, particularly in terms of edge retention and corrosion resistance. However, both steels are known for their toughness and can perform well in heavy-duty applications. Ultimately, the choice between the two will depend on personal preference and the specific needs of the user.
